ENDODONTIC SEALERS

Antoniazzi JH, Mjor IA, Nygaard-Ostby B. Assessment of the sealing properties of root filling materials. Odont Tids 76:261. 1968.

Weiner BH, Schilder H. A comparative study of important physical properties of various root canal sealers II. Evaluation of dimensional changes. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 32:928-937. 1971.

Spangberg L, Langeland K. Biologic effects of dental materials I. Toxicity of root canal filling materials on HeLa cells in vitro. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 35:402-414. 1973.

Grossman LI. Physical properties of root canal cements. J Endodon 2:166-175. 1976.

Vermilyea SG, Simon LB, Huget EF. The rheologic properties of endodontic sealers. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 46:711-716. 1978.

Gordon TM, Alexander JB. Influence of pH level of two calcium hydroxide root canal sealers in vitro. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 61:624-628. 1986.

Brodin P. Neurotoxic and analgesic effects of root canal cements and pulp-protecting dental materials. Endod Dent Traumatol 4:1-11 1988.

Spangberg L, Pascon EA. The importance of material preparation for the expression of cytotoxicity during in vitro evaluation of biomaterials. J Endodon 214:247-250. 1988.

Boiesen J, Brodin P. Neurotoxic effect of two root canal sealers with calcium hydroxide on rat phrenic nerve in vitro. Endod Dent Traumatol 7:242-245 1991.

Gettleman BH, Messer HH, ElDeeb ME. Adhesion of sealer cements to dentin with and without the smear layer. J Endodon 17:15-20. 1991.

Maseki T, Nakata K, Kohsaka T, Kobayashi F, Hirano S, Nakamura H. Lack of correlation between the amount of eugenol released from zinc oxide-eugenol sealer and cytotoxicity of the sealer. J Endodon 17:76-79. 1991.

Oliver CM, Abbott PV. Entrapped air and its effect on dye penetration of voids. Endod Dent Traumatol 7:135-138 1991.

Rohde TR, Bramwell JD, Hutter JW, Roahen JO. An in vitro evaluation of microleakage of a new root canal sealer. J Endodon 22:365-368. 1996.

Esberard RM, Carnes DL, del Rio CE. pH changes at the surface of root dentin when using root canal sealers containing calcium hydroxide. J Endodon 22:399-401. 1996.

Siqueira JF, Goncalves RB. Antibacterial activities of rot canal sealers against selected anaerobic bacteria. J Endodon 22:79-80. 1996.

Beltes P, Koulaouzidou E, Kolokuris I, Kortsaris AH. In vitro evaluation of the cytotoxicity of two glass-ionomer root canal sealers. J Endodon 23:572-574. 1997.

Kontakakiotis EG, Wu M-K, Wesselink PR. Effect of sealer thickness on long term sealing ability:a 2-year followup study. Int Endodon J 30:307. 1997.

Kahn FH, Rosenberg PA, Schertzer L, Korthals G, Nguyen PNT. An in-vitro evaluation of sealer placement methods. Int Endodon J 30:181-186 1997.

Osorio RM, Hefti A, Vertucci F, Shawley A. Cytotoxicity of endodontic materials. J Endodon 24:91-96. 1998.

Economides N, Liolios E, Kolokuris I, Beltes P. Long-term evaluation of the influence of smear layer removal on the sealing ability of different sealers. J Endodon 25:123-125. 1999.

Allan N, Walton R, Schaffer M. Setting times for endodontic sealers under clinical usage and in vitro conditions. J Endodon 27:421-423 2001.

Weiner BH, Schilder H. A comparative study of important physical properties of various root canal sealers I. Evaluation of setting times. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 32:768-777. 1971.

Beyer-Olsen EM, Orstavik D. Radiopacity of root canal sealers. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 51:320-328. 1979.

Spangberg LSW. In vitro assessment of the toxicity of endodontic materials. Int Endodon J 14:27-34. 1981.

Orstavik D. Antibacterial properties of root canals sealers, cements and pastes. Int Endodon J 14:125-133. 1981.

Block RM, Lewis RD, Sheats JB, Burke SH, Fawley J. Antibody formation and cell-mediated immunity to dog pulp tissue altered by eight endodontic sealers via the root canal. Int Endodon J 15:105-113. 1982.

Madison S, Swanson K, Chiles SA. An evaluation of coronal microleakage in endodontically treated teeth. Part II. Sealer types. J Endodon 13:109-112. 1987.

Tagger M, Tagger E, Kfir A. Release of calcium and hydroxyl ions from set endodontic sealers containing calcium hydroxide. J Endodon 14:588-591. 1988.

Safavi KE, Spangberg LSW, Costa NS, Sapounas G. An in vitro method for longitudinal evaluation of toxicity of endodontic sealers. J Endodon 15:484-486. 1989.

Wiemann AH, Wilcox LR. In vitro evaluation of four methods of sealer placement. J Endodon 17:444-447. 1991.

Friedman S, Moshonov J, Trope M. Efficacy of removing glass ionomer cement, zinc oxide-eugenol and epoxy resin sealers from retreated root canals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 73:609-612. 1992.

Koch K, Min PS, Stewart GG. Comparison of apical leakage between Ketac Endo sealer and Grossman sealer. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 78:784-787. 1994.

Horning TG, Kessler JR. A comparison of three different root canal sealers when used to obturate a moisture-contaminated root canal system. J Endodon 21:354-357. 1995.

Wu MK, Wesselink PR, Boersma J. A 1-year follow-up study of four root canal sealers at different thicknesses. Int Endodon J 28:185-189. 1995.

Holland R. Sakashita MS, Murata SS, Junior ED. Effect of dentine surface treatment on leakage of root fillings with a glass ionomer sealer. Int Endodon J 28:190-193. 1995.

Ono K, Matsumoto K. Physical properties of CH61, a newly developed root canal sealer. J Endodon 24:244-247. 1998.