一、引子
老朱昨日讲座讲作文的要求：第一，切题。包含提纲提示，图表、漫画所提供的或者暗示的全部问题。接着按所得到的提示去改造之。第二，句式变化要多一些。第三，用词面要宽一些。第四，语法要正确，如主谓一致、谓语动词的时态、语态、及物与不及物、搭配关系等。
先用3——4分钟把提纲看懂，看提纲要求、提纲与图表、漫画之间的关系，弄清楚出题忍让咱做吗！然后，构思（组织题材）。马上拿出答题纸，起草成文，起草与成文要一气呵成！
二、短文写作的类型
（一）、提纲式作文
A Title :Competition and Cooperation
B Time limit: 45 minutes
C World limit :about 200 words (not including the opening sentence)
D Your composition should be based on the Outline below and should start with the given opening sentence: “competition is a common phenomenon in our society.”
E Your composition must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2

OUTLINE:
1 competition a common phenomenon in our society
2 relationship between competition and cooperation
3 your opinion on competition and cooperation

COMPETITION AND COOPERATION
Competition is a common phenomenon in our
society . We compete when we play games, we try to do better than others in our study, and there is constant competition for jobs, fame, wealth and so forth. Therefore,we can say that, in a certain sense, competition is one of the motive forces of the development of our modern society.

It is often believed, however ,that competition and cooperation are in opposition to each other. Some people stress competition, without which, in their eyes, there is no responsibility , no drive and ultimately, no progress. Others advocate cooperation whatever they do. They are of the opinion that the dependence of people on one another has increased, without which the society we live in cannot keep going smoothly. In reality, we find that in many cases competition goes hand in hand with cooperation. Let’s take a football game for example. During the game, one team is competing against the other, but each member of the team must cooperate with his　teammates. Otherwise, they would lose the game no matter how skillful each individual player might be. It is clear that competition has much to do with cooperation.

As far as I’m concerned, I donot agree with the view that competition and cooperation are always in conflict with each other. In my opinion, while advocating competition, we should never forget cooperation. In our social life, cooperation is especially necessary because most work is fulfilled with or through other people. So I’ve come to the conclusion that competition and cooperation are equally important.(259 words)

分析：写作按OUTLINE，顺杆爬，如写身体健康的重要性，第一段一般写身体健康的重要性，写开头“身体健康很重要，”然后再分三点进行讨论，把提纲转变为段落的主题句。同时句式变化要多，语法要准确。并且提炼出有共性的句子来。

（二）、规定情景式作文

Directions:

A Write an essay stating the causes of housing problem and the demands of city-dwellers for spacious living, and give your possible suggestions to solve the problem.
B Time limit: 45 minutes
C World limit :about 200 words (not including the opening sentence)
D Your composition must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2

Housing problem is closely related to population. Some of the big cities in China are now crowded with an ever increasing population . Naturally, one of the most serious problems incurred is that of housing.

As far as the cause of housing problem are concerned, many factors are involved. In the first place, with the rapid increase in population, the lack of housing is becoming more evident than ever before. Many old houses have been knocked down to make room for new apartment buildings, which complicates the housing problem for the time being. In the second place, despite the ever-increasing　high-rise buildings, the provision of living space still falls far short of demands. Because the society is advancing, city –dwellers long for spacious living. They look forward to decent dwelling places which can protect human dignity. All these factors result in the stress of housing problem.

Various solutions have been suggested. But there seems to be a drawback to each of the solutions. The traditional free allocation of dwellings to the needy adds to the government’s burden, while paid allocation brings an equal burden to the average man. The moving of urban residents to the suburbs may ease housing problem in the inner city but gives rises to a traffic problem. The best solution I think is to put the birth rate under control. But we still have a long way to go. (233 words)

例二：

A Title: Pushing Forward Urban Reforms
B Time limit: 45 minutes
C World limit :about 200 words (not including the opening sentence)
D Your composition must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2
E Your essay should be based on the information given below.

随着我国改革开放的政策的贯彻执行，城市改革势在必行；否则无法促进我国经济的迅猛发展。城市改革设计国有企业转变为现代懂死、开发金融、劳物和人才市场。此外，住房改革、养老金制度和事业保险金制度等等也应逐步完善。请你阐述上述情况并提出城市改革的前景。
It is highly necessary to push forward urban reforms in a comprehensive way. The reasons are obvious. On the one hand, urban reforms will contribute greatly to the development of our socialist market system. On the other, they will speed up the expansion of our national economy as a whole . As a consequence, urban reforms have great political and economic significance in the modernization of our country.

The reforms to be carried out will focus on the following areas. In the first place, all state-owned enterprises, institutions and colleges will be run according to the principles of the socialist market system, which will certainly lead to the development of finance , labour and technology markets. Secondly, tax and benefit regulations will not assume the norm today., which restricts more flexible sharing of jobs available between the sexes. Finally, the reforms will inevitably improving unemployment insurance system and reliveing housing-shortage problem. The above mentioned reforms will certainly add to the economic strength and wealth of the community. This in turn will raise the living standards of people in our country.

In my opinion, it is not easy to carry out all-round reforms at the same time in the cities. But I am confident that we will be able to overcome all the difficulties that confront us and achieve successes in urban reforms. (219 words)