〔摘要〕 目的：检测髁状突骨上组织细胞及细胞外基质超微结构在负荷改变后的变化特点。方法：4只成年家兔在被拔除双侧下颌磨牙后1月和3月，用透射电镜的方法观察组织的表现。结果：细胞发生了不同程度的改建及退行性反应，如粗面内质网的扩张，线粒体肿胀，溶酶体增多等；基质中胶原原纤维的有序排列结构消失，胶原网受到破坏，同时蛋白多糖颗粒减少；基质中脂质小体及基质小囊等成分增多；负重区较非负重区的改变更显著。结论：过重的负荷会超过组织的代偿能力，使细胞产生基质的能力下降，对细胞自身产生不利的影响，引起髁状突的弹性及抗压、抗磨擦等能力的下降。
The ultrastructure changes of cells and extracellular matrix in the supraosseous tissue of mandibular condyle following load change
Duan Xiaohong, Wang Huiyun.
Dept. of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, Stomatological College, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032
〔Abstract〕Objective: To observe the ultrastructure changes of the supraosseous tissues of mandibular condyle following load change.Methods:The ultrastructure of supraosseous tissues of 4 adult rabbits were observed under transmission electron microscope 1～3 months after removal of the bilateral lower molars. Result:After removal of the bilateral lower molars, the remodeling and degenerative activities in different layers of the condyles increased, such as vesiculation of endoplasmic reticulum, distortion of mitochondria and increase of lysosome. Furthermore, the sequential arrangement of collagen fibrils was disturbed, the collagen network broke down and the proteoglycan granules decreased. The number of lipid globules and matrix vesicles increased. Load-bearing areas showed more changes than unload-bearing areas. Conclusion:Overloading beyond the adaptive abilities of the tissue may cause a decrease of matrix's syn
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