2007北京太奇培训学校考研英语强化班授课讲义(十四)

2007 – KY-- 14  内部资料 翻印必究

I. Reading Comprehension:

Text  1

    Do you remember the days when companies such as Microsoft and Mc-Kinsey took immense satisfaction from subjecting job candidates to mind-crunching strategy sessions? If you thought that was rough, imagine an interview in which no amount of research or questioning of insiders will help. Imagine instead that all you can do is to have a healthy breakfast, pick up your nicest suit, and hope for the best. In the new interview, they are not just testing what you know. They are also testing who you are.

    It’s called the situational interview, and it’s quickly becoming a must in the job-seeking world. In the post-Enron culture of caution, corporations are focusing on an obvious insight: that a gold-plated resume and winning personality are about as accurate in determining job performance as Wall Street analysts are in picking stocks. Now, with shareholder scrutiny, hiring slowdowns, and expense-reducing, no manager can afford to hire the wrong person. Hundreds of companies are switching to the new methods. Whereas the conventional interview has been found to be only 7% accurate in predicting job performance, situational interviews deliver a rating of 54% -- the most of any interviewing tool.
   
    The situational technique’s superiority stems from its ability to trip up even the wittiest of interviewees. Of course, every applicant must display a healthy dose of occupational know-how, but behavior and ethical backbone play a big role. For example, a prospective analyst at a Wall Street bank might have to face, say, a customer with an account argument. It’s not happening on paper, but in real time – with managers and experts watching nearby. The interviewer plays the role of a fierce customer on the phone, angry about money lost when a trade wasn’t executed on time. It’s set up as an obvious mistake on the bank’s part.
   
    Interviewers watch the candidates’ reactions: how they process the complex account information, their ability to talk the client down, what their body language displays about their own shortcomings, and which words they choose. In this instance, not being honest about the mistake or showing anger or frustration – no matter how glowing your resume – means you are out. In addition, behavioral interviews are also being rounded out by other tools that, until recently, had been reserved for elite hires. Personality-testing outfit Caliper, for example, which probes candidates for emotional-intelligence skills and job ability, has seen its business jump 20% this year.
   
    Clearly, the new interview isn’t without its drawbacks. Companies run the risk of arousing hostility in candidates, who may feel as if some line has been crossed into personal territory. Moreover, some companies worry about the fairness of personality tests. They have to make sure there are no inherent gender or racial biases in the test. (452 words)

Notes：mind-crunching 绞尽脑汁的。situational interview 情景面试。 scrutiny 精查细看。rate vt. 评级，分等。trip up （使）犯错误。dose 剂量。ethical backbone 伦理的主导思想。talk down 驳倒。round out 使齐全：It will give an opportunity to round out your experience.  outfit全套装备。

1. In situational interviews, job applicants are required to ___________.

A. be dressed up in the height of fashion              B. be examined in professional experiences
C. present written and polished resumes               D. demonstrate their knowledge and personality

2. The new interview is widely adopted because of its __________.

A. efficiency in selecting the fittest brains               B. insight into the interviewee’s character
C. accuracy in testing working experience              D. exactness in assessing performing skills

3. The situational interview is superior to the conventional in its __________.

A. capability to catch the smartest applicants in misjudgments
B. possibility to lead the wisest candidates to behavioral mistakes
C. technique to make the cleverest interviewees be inaccurate
D. function to frustrate the brightest individuals by hard questions

4. When mentioning “its business jump 20% this year” in paragraph 5, the author is talking about _________.

  A. the best job performance of candidates            B. how to employ trained elite personnel
  C. the equipment perfecting the new interview        D. the example of the situational interview

5. The advantages of the behavioral interview include all of the following EXCEPT __________.

A. it helps avoid employing the wrong personnel       B. it urges examinees to display fully their expertise
C. it drives most candidates into feeling hostility       D. it stimulates testees to handle real-time problems

Text  2

    Many United States companies have, unfortunately, made the search for legal protection from import competition into a major line of work. Since 1980 the United States International Trade Commission (ITC) has received about 280 complaints   alleging damage from imports that benefit from subsidies by foreign governments. Another 340 charge that foreign companies “dumped” their products in the United States at “less than fair value.” Even when no unfair practices are alleged, the simple claim that an industry has been injured by imports is sufficient grounds to seek relief.

    Contrary to the general impression, this quest for import relief has hurt more companies than it has helped. As corporations begin to function globally, they develop an intricate web of marketing, production, and research relationships. The complexity of these relationships makes it unlikely that a system of import relief laws will meet the strategic needs of all the units under the same parent company.

    Internationalization increases the danger that foreign companies will use import relief law against the very companies the laws were designed to protect. Suppose a United States-owned company establishes an overseas plant to manufacture a product while its competitor makes the same product in the United States. If the competitor can prove injury from the imports --- and that the United States company received a subsidy from a foreign government to build its plant abroad --- the United States company’s products will be uncompetitive in the United States, since they would be subject to duties.

    Perhaps the most brazen case occurred when the ITC investigated allegations that Canadian companies were injuring the United States salt industry by dumping rock salt, used to de-ice roads. The bizarre aspect of the complaint was that a large foreign company with the United States operations was crying for help against a United States company with foreign operations. The “United States” company claiming injury was a subsidiary of a Dutch company, while the “Canadian” companies included a subsidiary of a Chicago firm that was the second-largest domestic producer of rock salt.  (340 words)

Notes: subsidy n. 补助，津贴。dump vt. 倾销。brazen a. 棘手的；不知羞耻的。duty 关税。allegations 指控。bizarre 荒诞的，稀奇古怪的。subsidiary子公司。

1. The first paragraph suggests that the minimal basis for a complaint to the International Trade Commission is that ______.

A. the company requesting import relief has been injured by the sale of imports in the United States
B. a foreign competitor has received a subsidy from a foreign government
C. a foreign competitor has substantially increased the volume of products shipped to the United States
D. a foreign competitor is selling products in the United States at less than fair market value

2. Companies have the general impression that International Trade Commission import relief practices have _______.

A. caused unpredictable fluctuations in volumes of imports and exports
B. achieved their desired effect only under unusual circumstances
C. actually helped companies that have requested import relief
D. had less impact on international companies than the business community expected

3. The text warns of the danger that companies _______.
 
  A. in the U. S. may receive no protection from imports unless they actively seek it from import competition
  B. that seek legal protection from import competition may incur legal costs that far exceed any possible gain
  C. that are not U.S.-owned may seek legal protection from import competition under U.S. import relief laws
  D. in the United States that import raw materials may have to pay duties on those materials

4. What function does the last paragraph perform in the text?

A. It summarizes the discussion thus far and suggests additional areas for research
B. It presents a recommendation based on the evidence presented earlier.
C. It discusses an exceptional case in which the results expected by the author of the text were not obtained.
D. It cites a specific case that illustrates a problem presented more generally in the previous paragraph.

5. The text is chiefly concerned with ________.

  A. arguing against the increased internationalization of the United States corporations
  B. warning that the application of laws affecting trade frequently had unintended consequences
  C. advocating the use of trade restrictions for “dumped” products but not for other imports
  D. recommending a uniform method for handling claims of unfair trade practices

Text  3

    How do the American people consider the existence of E.T. (Extra-Terrestrial) and UFO? Of late, the Gallup Poll has carried out an investigation on this subject, with American adults as its object. The results have shown that there are millions of people who believe in the existence of a “Third Contact” (which means not only those who have seen the UFO, but those who have seen the travelers of the UFO). The “Third Contact” is the original language used in the film An Encounter with the Unknown), and there is only one in every three who denies the existence of E.T. and UFO, they have become the minority as a result.
   
    The Gallup Poll in 1966 for the first time put forward a question to the general public. “Do you believe in the existence in other planets of the universe of organisms similar to those of human beings of the earth? 34% of the people of that time answered “Yes”, 46% answered “No”, the remaining 20% answered “Don’t know”. But in the more than twenty years since then, the number of people who believe in the existence in the universe of other intelligent organisms has gradually increased. This year there are already 50% of the people who answer that they believe in the existence of E.T.
   
    A representative of the Science Investigation Center of Abnormal Phenomenon has expressed the belief that this is due to the huge investment in the production of films and TV programs and the series of warmly welcomed SF (Science Fiction) films and TV programs which produce colossal impact on the audience. The representative further pointed out that “with the development of religious dissociation of the American society, the American people no longer regard the preaching of the “Bible” that the human beings on the earth are the only intelligent organisms of the universe as absolutely correct. On the other hand, scientific work has begun to show more concern over the probe of extra-terrestrials, which is also the reason for the creation of the above-mentioned situation”.

    As regards the investigation this time, 9% of the investigated people answered that they had seen things believed to be UFO. Compared with the statistics of the past, it is about the same as the values of 1973 and 1978 and slightly more than the 5% of 1965. But there is a small decline this year in the proportion of the people who believe in the existence of UFO. In 1973 it had increased to 54%, in 1978 to 57%, but the result of investigation this year has dropped to 50%.

    If the results of investigation are derived from the analysis of age, sex, and record of schooling of those who answer the questions, it may be said that those who believe in the existence of UFO and E.T. are noticeably numerous among the group of people relevant to the strata of college graduates over 50 years old. The proportion of men and women in the belief of UFO is almost similar, but as to the existence of E.T., the belief of the male is 60%, that of the female is 40%. If distinction is made according to regions, then those who live in the western regions are more inclined to be on the affirmative. (544 words)

Notes: Extra-Terrestrial外星人。 put forward 提出； as regards … 至于…。 dissociation 分离。 probe v./n. 探究；stratum  strata (pl.) 社会阶层 ；be inclined to do sth. 倾向于做某事；on the affirmative持肯定态度。

1. Which of the following best describes the content of the text?

  A. Recent Scientific Investigation
  B. Encounters with UFO and E.T.
  C. Mysterious Objects From Outer Space 
  D. Americans’ E.T. and UFO Consciousness

2. In the first paragraph the author most probably intends to convey to us the information that ____________.

  A. the majority of the American people, including children, believe in the existence of E.T. and UFO
  B. there are millions of people who have seen not only UFO but also the travelers of the UFO
  C. something like two thirds of adult subjects believe in the existence of E.T. and UFO
  D. the existence of E.T. and UFO is completely justifiable in the eyes of American people

3. According to the text, which of the following is not responsible for the universal belief in the existence of E.T.? 

  A. Greater interest in the studies of UFO in scientific work.
  B. The growth of religious dissociation of the American people.
  C. An explosion of films and TV programs relative to E.T.
  D. Abundant evidence in support of the existence of UFO.
   
4. It can be learned from the text that ____________.

A. the percentage of people who claimed to have seen UFO is greater in 1973 than this year
  B. the percentage of people who claimed to have seen UFO is smaller this year than in 1965
  C. there are proportionally as many believers of the existence of UFO in 1978 as in 1973
  D. the proportion of people who believe in the existence of UFO has diminished this year as compared with 1973

5. It can be seen from the text that ____________.

  A. there are more believers of UFO and E.T. among educated people
  B. people who live in the western regions tend to believe more in the existence of E.T. and UFO
  C. in terms of sex, more women believe in the existence of E.T. and UFO
  D. there are more children than adults who believe in the existence of UFO and E.T.

Text  4  (课外阅读)

    There have been a great many explanations, some of them very complicated, of the great demand for college education in America, and they are probably all true in some measure. An oversimplified explanation is that over the last fifty years, three generations of the parents of growing children have realized that better education meant better living and, as individuals, and through group action, have pushed and urged that facilities be made available. Happily the nation has been able to provide the colleges, and the students have been admitted to them in ever-increasing numbers. And the consumers of the products of education ---government, business in all its forms, and labor -- all welcomed the expansion of opportunity because it simplified their problems of employing new workers, and training and placing them.
   
    Forty years ago, when the parents of today's high-school seniors were themselves in school, a high-school education was enough to get ready for most occupations, and, for those occupations, job training took place either in the high school or on the job. A college degree was necessary only for those who wanted to be ministers, doctors, or lawyers, high school teachers, scientists, or scholars. Today most jobs that offer opportunity for growth and advancement are open only to college graduates, for colleges have assumed the task of offering the specific preparation that is needed. There is very little job training in high schools today. Instead they concentrate on preparing students for college.
   
    What has happened is that, as business, industry, government, and the professions have expanded, they have developed a need for many varieties of specialists. Colleges and universities, responding to these developments, have organized new programs of study to train these specialists, and in turn these new programs draw students who would not have gone to college forty years ago.

    For example, almost all of the college programs in business and commerce have been developed within the last forty years. The same is true of teacher preparation and the more advanced programs in agriculture and home economics. And there is a long list of other offerings that were not available except in a few experimental programs. Accounting, social science, various forms of administration, public hospital and public health medical technology, and advanced nurses' training have been developed in higher education within those same forty years. And as evidence that the process is still continuing, we can see the emergence of atomic technology, nuclear engineering, computer technology, and, most recently, international administration.  (413 words)                                                                                     

1. In paragraph 1, the word "consumers" most probably refers to ______________.

   A. high-school graduates                          B. college graduates
   C. those who engage college graduates               D. those who consume commercial goods

2. According to paragraph 2, the parents of today's high-school students ______________.

   A. did not receive enough high-school education
   B. received a level of education which is almost equivalent to that of today's college
   C. who had secondary education were able to cope with most occupations at the time
   D. are all qualified for such professional positions as ministers, doctors or lawyers

3. Which of the following does not seem to be an explanation of the great demand for college education in America?

   A. The parents have realized that higher education means a higher standard of living.
   B. A high-school education is not "high" enough for most occupations.
   C. A great need has been developed for many varieties of specialists.
   D. High schools concentrate mainly on preparing students for colleges.

4. Which of the following specialties and programs was the least possibly available in American colleges and universities 40 years ago?

   A. International administration.                B. Computer science and technology.
   C. Nuclear engineering.                    D. Advanced nurses training.

5. What is the theme of the text?

   A. A general survey of American colleges and universities.  
   B. The main reasons for the development of American higher education.
   C. The historical development of American colleges and universities.
   D. The higher education, the better living conditions.

Text  1  Word Study

1. subject vt. (to) 使…遭受到、受到，使…服从：1) He subjected us to a very difficult test. (他使我们经历一次非常艰难的考试。) 2) This country was once subjected to foreign rule. (这个国家曾一度遭受外国统治。)  3) He was subjected to severe criticism. (他遭到严厉批评。)  4) Scientists subject spacemen to all kinds of tests before they send them up in rockets. (科学家用火箭把宇航员送上太空以前让他们经受各种考验。)

subject adj. (to) 受…约束；容易受到：1)We are subject to the laws of the country. (我们受国家法律的约束。)  2) The employees are subject to the rules and regulations of the company. (雇员们都受到公司的规章制度的约束。)  3) He is subject to headaches. (他经常头痛。)  4）The arrangements are subject to change. (这些安排常常要变。)

subject n. 题目，话题；主题，题材；科目，学科；目标：1) He proposed a subject for the debate. (他为辩论出了一个题目。)  2) There are so many subjects I’d like to talk to you about. (有那么多话题我想和你们谈。)  3) What is the subject of the poem? （这首诗的主题是什么?） 4）subject matter 主题。 5) In a primary school the main subjects are reading, writing and arithmetic. (小学的主要课程是阅读、写作和算术。)  6) He was the subject of much criticism. (他是许多批评的目标。)  7) They used mice as subjects in the experiments. (他们用老鼠作为实验对象。)

同根词：subjection n. 征服，控制：1) The subjection of the rebels took a long time. (征服这些造反派花了很长时间。) 2) The children lived in complete subjection while their father was alive. (孩子们在父亲活着时生活在严格的控制中。)

subjective adj. 主观的：1） He was an objective rather than a subjective writer. (他是一位客观的而不是主观的作家。) 2) Grading of oral tests is quite subjective. (口语考试的打分是相当主观的。)

2. prospect n. 前景，即将发生的情况；成功的希望；景色；潜在的主顾(=a possible customer)：1) This was the prospect our prisoner had to look forward to. (这是我们的囚徒所不得不盼望的前景。)  2）The house has a southern prospect. (这幢房子是朝南的。)  3) We have good prospects. (我们有美好的前程。)  4) The prospect is cheerful. (前途乐观。)  5) I see no prospect of his recovery. (我看不出他有痊愈的希望。)  5) The hill commands a fine prospect. (这座山可以眺望美景。)  6) The salesman worked hard at finding some new prospects. (推销员努力工作以便找到一些新的可能的顾客。) 

用于成语：in prospect 可以指望，即将出现：1) I have a much better job in prospect. (我可以指望有一份好得多的工作。)  2) Some relief to the taxpayers is in prospect. (即将对纳税人减税。)  3) It is foolish to give up a good post when you have nothing else in prospect. (你还没有可以指望的工作时放弃一个好岗位是十分愚蠢的。)

同根词：prospective adj. 未来的，可能的：1) Your prospective employer is the person who will, later on, be your employer.   2) Is she a prospective customer?

III. Writing (图表提纲式作文)

Directions: Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay of 160--200 words within 30--35 minutes. Your essay must meet the requirements below.

1. Write out the message conveyed by the graphs. 
2. Make an analysis of the strange phenomenon. 
3. Give your comment on it.

    正如上面两张曲线图所示，从1990年到1995年蛋类的平均价格不断上升，并且其需求量也相应增加。曲线图还表明，从1995年到2000年期间蛋类价格下降，而且需求量也下降。这种现象是很奇怪的并值得研究。根据市场经济法则，需求量增加会引起价格上涨。也就是说，当价格上升时，需求就下降，而当价格回落时，需求就增加。但是现在的现实恰好相反。

    产生这种奇怪现象的原因是很明显的。从1990年到1995年期间随着我国社会主义市场经济的发展，人民的收入，其中包括工资、奖金和各种补贴迅速增加。虽然蛋类价格逐渐上升，但蛋类的需求量也急趋增加。另一方面，当蛋类的需求达到某一点时，需求量就停止上升，因为人们开始把越来越多的钱花在衣着、娱乐和国内外的旅游上。普遍认为，从1995年到2000年旅游开支占我国人民总消费量的很大一部分。因此，同期蛋类需求量的下降也似乎是合理的。

   就我预测，由于家畜养殖业的不断发展，蛋类价格很可能下降，因为对蛋类的需求有限，消费量的下降也是必然的。

    As is shown by the two graphs above, the average price of eggs was on the rise from 1990 to 1995 and the demand for them increased correspondingly. The graphs also indicate that during the period from 1995 to 2000 the price of eggs declined, and so did the demand. The phenomenon is quite strange and worth studying.

    According to the law of market economy, the increase in demand results in higher prices. That is to say, when prices climb, the demand decreases, and when prices fall, the demand grows. Now the reality was just the other way round.

    The reasons for this strange phenomenon are obvious. With the development of our socialist market economy, people’s incomes, including pay, bonus and different kinds of allowances, increased rapidly during the period from 1990 to 1995. Though the price of eggs rose gradually, the demand for them grew sharply, too. On the other hand, when the demand for eggs reached a certain amount, it stopped rising because people began to spend more and more money on clothing, recreations and tours round the country and even round the world. It is generally assumed that the expenses for tours accounted for a great part of the total consumption of the people in our country from 1995 to 2000. As a result, it seemed reasonable that the demand for eggs declined during the same period of time.

    As far as I can predict, with the domestic poultry farming continuing to develop, the price of eggs is likely to decline because the demand for them is limited and the fall in their consumption is also inevitable.(270 words)

背记重点词语汉英对照：1. 在上升：be on the rise。在增加/减少：be on the increase/decline。 2. 值得讨论/买：be worth discussing/buying。 3. 正好相反：be just the other way round。 4. 占70%：account for (=makeup) 70%。 5. 因此：as a result。 6. n. 对…的需求：the demand for …。vt. 对我们的要太多：demand too much of us。 7. 必然的后果：inevitable consequences。

Put the following sentences from Chinese into English:

1. 正如上面两张图所示，温室花朵经不起暴风雨的考验。
2. 对食品的需求量停止上升，因为人们开始把越来越多的钱花在旅游上。
3. 人们普遍觉得，食品的开支占农村人民总消费量的很大一部分。
4. 对衣着的需求是有限的，因此其消费量的下降也是必然的。

作业：1.读完“复习指导”中的阅读一章，要反复读2 – 3遍。
2.“英译汉”一章15篇文章必须在9月底以前翻译完毕。

赠言：胸怀大志和孜孜不倦的人，会开动脑筋、总结经验、汲取教训，不自以为是，不固步自封，这样的人终将成就大业，伴随他的是永远的奋进。

Text  1 参考译文

    你是否还记得过去像微软和麦肯锡这样的公司让求职者接受绞尽脑汁的经营策略考核，公司对这种做法却十分满意。如果你认为，公司这样做是太粗鲁了，那你就设想，有一种面试中内部人员的任何研究或质疑都无济于事。相反，你设想，你要做的一切只是把早饭吃好，穿上你最漂亮的衣服，并且作最好的打算。在这种新型的面试中，公司不仅仅考查你的知识面，他们还要考查你的人品。

    这种面试被称为情景面试。很快这种面试在求职中广泛采用。在后Enron公司审慎的氛围中，公司正清楚地认识到：一张镀金的履历表和令人折服的性格就几乎可以准确地判断出一个人的工作表现，就像华尔街的金融分析家能准确挑选证券一样。现在，随着持股人精查细看，招工者放慢速度并降低开支，没有一个经理有钱去雇一个不合适的人员。数以千计的公司正转而采用新的面试方法。据发现，传统的面试在预测工作表现方面其准确率只有7%，而情景面试准确率竟达到54% -- 是任何面试手段中最好的。

    情景面试这种方法的优越性来自于它能够使甚至最机灵的求职者出错。当然，每个申请工作的人必须表现出相当丰富的职业技能，但是行为和伦理的指导思想起很重要的作用。例如，要当一位华尔街银行未来的分析家就可能必须面对，譬如说，一位账户上有争执的客户。事情不是以书面形式发生的，而是发生在实际时间  -- 经理们和专家门在一旁看着。主持面试的人充当一名在打电话的愤怒客户的角色，他对一笔买卖没有按时进行而损失的钱十分生气。这件事被定为银行方面的明显错误。

    主持面试的人注视着求职者的各种反应：求职者如何处理复杂的账户信息，他们驳倒这位客户的能力，有关他们自己的缺点他们的体态语言表现出什么，以及他们选择了什么样的言词。在这件事例中，不管你的履历是多么光彩照人，对错误没有诚恳的态度或者显露出生气或沮丧都意味着，你这次求职告吹了。

    行为面试现在还配上一些其他手段使其更完善，这些手段直到最近一直保留来用作招聘精英尖子的。例如，性格测试的全套装备Caliper今年营业额上升20%，这种设备是用来深入了解求职者的情感智力技能和工作能力的。

    显然，这种新的面试不是没有缺点的。许多公司冒着引起求职者敌视的风险，因为求职者可能会感到，某种做法似乎与他作对而进入到他个人领域。此外，有的公司担心性格测试的公正性。他们必须确保，这种测试中没有固有的性别或种族偏见。

Text  2 参考译文

    不幸的是，许多美国公司把寻求法律保护使其不受进口竞争的影响变成一项主要的工作。1980年以来美国国际贸易委员会已经收到了大约280封投诉信，声称受惠于外国政府补贴的进口使他们蒙受损失。还有340封信指控外国公司把产品“低价”“倾销”到美国。即使来信没有指控有失公平的做法，只要有工业受到了进口的损害这样一个简单的声明就有足够理由要求得到救济。

    与一般印象相反，这种进口救济要求对公司起的伤害作用多，起的帮助作用少。随着大公司开展全球性业务，它们就会形成一个错综复杂的销售、生产和研究的关系网。这些关系极其复杂，这就使得进口救济的法律制度不可能满足同一母公司下所有单位的战略需要。

    国际化增加了这样一种危险性，即外国公司利用进口救济法律来对付这项法律力图保护的公司。假设一家美国所属的公司在海外建厂来制造一种产品，而它的竞争者在美国制造同一产品。如果这个竞争者能够证明进口产品使它蒙受损失，而这家美国公司接受外国公司补贴在国外建厂，那么这家美国公司的产品在美国将没有竞争力，因为他们可能不得不纳税。

    也许最棘手的案子是，美国国际贸易委员会调查了对加拿大公司倾销一种用于道路除冰的石盐而损害美国制盐业的指控。这一投诉的荒诞之处是，在美国营业的一家外国大公司要求得到帮助来对付一家在外国营业的美国公司。声称受到损害的这家所谓的“美国”公司是在荷兰的一家大公司在美国的子公司，而所谓的“加拿大”公司是芝加哥公司的分公司，这家芝加哥公司是美国国内第二大石盐生产商。

帮助你学习记忆单词的有效方法 -- 同根词解析

jur  [拉丁语] 法令，公正  *jury n. 陪审团，全体陪审员   *injure [in不 + jur 公正 + e = 违反法令]  v. 伤害，损害，损伤  *injury  n. 伤害，损害；受伤处   *injurious a. 有伤害作用的，有害的*injured  a. 受伤的   n. the injured 受伤的人
jus  [拉丁语] 法令，公正 *just  a. 正义的，公正的；恰当的，应得的   adv. 刚才；只是，仅仅；正好，正是 *unjust  a. 不公正的，不公平的    *justice  n. 正义，公正  Justice Department [美] 司法部  *injustice  n. 不公正，非正义   *justify  vt. 证明 … 正当（有理）  be justified in doing sth有理由做 …  *justifiable  a. 可证明为正当的，有理由的    *justification  n. （做某事的）正当理由    *adjust  [ad使得 + just 正 = 使其正确]  vt. 调节，改变 … 以适应；调整 *adjustment  n. 调节；校整      *adjustable  a. 可调整的，可校正的

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